Dr. Ambedkar leave his study in the middle and return to India as the termination of scholarship granted by the Baroda State. He was appointed as a Military Secretary to his Highness The Maharaja Gaikwad of Baroda in July 1917. His office staff and peon treated him as a leper. An illiterate peon refuse to serve drinking water and throw the files to him. His staff creates demoralizing atmosphere to him. He was frustrated and started to find out a suitable job in Bombay. He research on “Small Holdings in India and Their Remedies” and published in the journal of the Indian Economics Society, Volume-I.
In Bombay November 1918, he joined Sydenham College of Commerce & Economics as a professor of political economics. He becomes popular amongst student due to his profundity of knowledge and convincing style of lecture. The social condition and thoughts remain unchanged amongst the college professors and objected to his drinking water from the same pot reserved for the professor staff. After 2 years he resigned from the college for his post.
During the period of his lectureship in the college Sydenham College of Commerce & Economics he has performed some social activities for his untouchable society. On 27 January 1919, He has submitted a memorandum and gave evidence before the Southborough Commission. The memorandum attached as a supplementary in the commission's report.
On 31st January 1920 he has started a newspaper called as “Mooknayak” (The Leader of Dumb). Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj had donated to Dr. Ambedkar of Rs 2500 to start Mooknayak. At the initial stage Shri. Nandra Bhatkar was the editor of the Mooknayak and later Shri. Dyander Gholap was the editor. This weekly marathi newspaper was the first newspaper for about untouchables and their problems. The Mooknayak continued till 1923.
On February 1920, He was established “Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha” Under the act XXI of 1860 situated in Bombay and its activities to the confined to the Presidency of Bombay.
The aims and objects of the Sabha:
- To promote the spread of education among the Depressed Class by opening Hostels or by employing such other means as may seem necessary or desirable.
- To promote the spread of culture among the Depressed study circles.
- To advance and improve the economic condition of the Depressed Classes by starting Industrial and Agricultural schools.
- To represent the grievances of the Depressed Classes.
On 20th March 1920, Attended Depressed classes conference in Mangaon presided & addressed by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj at Kolhapur. During the period of 30th May to 1st June 1920 All India Conference held at Nagpur Presided over by Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj. Karmaveer Mahrshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and others was addressed the conference. Karmaveer Mahrshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde one of the reformer was founded Depressed Classes Mission on 18th October 1906 in order to work against Untouchability on National level.
On 30th September 1920, Dr. Ambedkar went to London and rejoin The London School of Economics for continuing his study.
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