Dr. B. R. Ambedkar's Life Journey - (Reformer) Part-III

Dr. Ambedkar leave his study in the middle and return to India as the termination of scholarship granted by the Baroda State. He was appointed as a Military Secretary to his Highness The Maharaja Gaikwad of Baroda in July 1917. His office staff and peon treated him as a leper. An illiterate peon refuse to serve drinking water and throw the files to him. His staff creates demoralizing atmosphere to him. He was frustrated and started to find out a suitable job in Bombay. He research on “Small Holdings in India and Their Remedies” and published in the journal of the Indian Economics Society, Volume-I.

In Bombay November 1918, he joined Sydenham College of Commerce & Economics as a professor of political economics. He becomes popular amongst student due to his profundity of knowledge and convincing style of lecture. The social condition and thoughts remain unchanged amongst the college professors and objected to his drinking water from the same pot reserved for the professor staff. After 2 years he resigned from the college for his post.

During the period of his lectureship in the college Sydenham College of Commerce & Economics he has performed some social activities for his untouchable society. On 27 January 1919, He has submitted a memorandum and gave evidence before the Southborough Commission. The memorandum attached as a supplementary in the commission's report.

On 31st January 1920 he has started a newspaper called as “Mooknayak” (The Leader of Dumb). Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj had donated to Dr. Ambedkar of Rs 2500 to start Mooknayak. At the initial stage Shri. Nandra Bhatkar was the editor of the Mooknayak and later Shri. Dyander Gholap was the editor. This weekly marathi newspaper was the first newspaper for about untouchables and their problems. The Mooknayak continued till 1923.

On February 1920, He was established “Bahishkrit Hitkarini Sabha” Under the act XXI of 1860 situated in Bombay and its activities to the confined to the Presidency of Bombay.

The aims and objects of the Sabha:

1. To promote the spread of education among the Depressed Class by opening Hostels or by employing such other means as may seem necessary or desirable.
2. To promote the spread of culture among the Depressed study circles.
3. To advance and improve the economic condition of the Depressed Classes by starting Industrial and Agricultural schools.
4. To represent the grievances of the Depressed Classes.

On 20th March 1920, Attended Depressed classes conference in Mangaon presided & addressed by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj at Kolhapur. During the period of 30th May to 1st June 1920 All India Conference held at Nagpur Presided over by Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj. Karmaveer Mahrshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and others was addressed the conference. Karmaveer Mahrshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde one of the reformer was founded Depressed Classes Mission on 18th October 1906 in order to work against Untouchability on National level.

On 30th September 1920, Dr. Ambedkar went to London and rejoin The London School of Economics for continuing his study.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar's Life Journey - (Education) Part II

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar appointed in the state service with the rank of Lieutenant at Baroda on 23rd January 1913. He was worked only for 11 days.
His father Subhedar Ramji Maloji Sapkar (Ambedkar) died in Bombay due to serious illness on 2nd February 1913. He was retired Army Havaldar of the East India Company.
On 4th April 1913, the Maharaja of Baroda sanctioned Baroda State scholarship of 11.50 pounds per month to Bhimrao Ambedkar for his higher education at the Colombia University USA for the duration of 3 years. For overseas scholarship Bhimrao signed an agreement with Government of Baroda.
Ambedkar told to Lala Lajpat Rai, "If you are going to keep the untouchables as your slaves, while fighting for Independence, I cannot join hands with you.", when Dr. Ambedkar was in USA and Lajpat Rai invited the former to join the Indian Home Rule League.
15th May 1915, Ambedkar submitted his dissertation on "Administration and Finance of the East India Company".
5th June 1915, He passed M.A. examination in Economics from the Colombia University, USA with Sociology, History, Philosophy, Anthropology, and Politics subjects.
May 1916, Read a paper on "The Castes in India - Their Mechanism, Genesis and Development" before Prof. Goldenweiser's Anthropology Seminar. The paper was later published in The Indian Antiquary in May 1917. It was also published in the form of a brochure, the first published work of Dr. Ambedkar.
He wrote thesis entitled "The National Divident of India - A Historical and Analytical Study" for his Ph.D. After completing work for Ph.D. he left Colombia University and went to London to join the London School of Economics and Political Science, London as a graduate student.
1916, Columbia University accepted the thesis "The National Divident of India - A Historical and Analytical Study" for Ph.D and allowed to Dr. Ambedkar to use of the Ph.D. degree for all political purposes.
In 1917 return to India.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar's Life Journey - Beginning Part I

Born 14 April 1891

In military cantonment of Mhow on the day 14 April 1891 a legend was born the name as Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar son of army officer Subhedar Ramji Maloji Sapkal and Bhimabai Ramaji Ambavadekar. 

In 1896 mother Mrs. Bhimabai Ambavadekar died.

7th November 1900 Bhimrao admitted in Government High School at Satara and his teacher changed his name "Ambavadekar" to "Ambedkar". Bhimrao also faces the untouchability due to his Mahar Caste during his high schooling. He has completed 4th standard in November 1904.

After the completion of 4th standard Bhimrao, Subhedar Ramji and family shifted to Bombay (Mumbai) from Satara in December 1904. Bhimrao admitted in The Maratha High School and later on the Elphinstone High School at Bombay.

In April 1906 Bhimrao married with Mr. Bhiku Walangkar's daughter Ramabai.

Bhimrao passed Matriculation in 1907 with scored 382 marks out of 750 marks. Shri. K. A. (Dada) Keluskar Guruji presented a book of "Bhagwan Buddhache Charitra" to Bhimrao, honored in a meeting presided over by Shree. S. K. Bole for success of Bhimrao's Matriculation Examination.

3rd January 1908 Bhimrao admitted in Elphinstone College, Bombay for further studies and in November 1912 Bhimrao Ambedkar appeared the Bachelor of Arts Degree examination of the Bombay University. Ambedkar passed B.A. Examination with score 449 marks out of 1000 marks from Bombay University.